Gold jewelry from the early Bronze Age
Gold jewelry from the early Bronze Age. The second half of the 3rd millennium BC. Dabene, Karlovo region, Bulgaria
In the Jordan Valley around 8000 BC, the inhabitants of Jericho constructed a massive stone wall and tower, marking one of the earliest large-scale stone constructions known. The purpose of this wall has been debated, with some archaeologists suggesting it served as a defense against seasonal flooding rather than military fortification. Regardless of its function, this construction demonstrates the community's ability to organize large-scale projects without a centralized bureaucracy or written records. Meanwhile, in central Anatolia, Çatalhöyük emerged around 7100 BC as one of the largest Neolithic communities. See our article on the Proto-Cities before Writing: Jericho, Çatalhöyük, and the Trypillia Mega-Sites.
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