The Crusader States, 1135
The Crusader states of Outremer in 1135 — Jerusalem, Antioch, Tripoli, and Edessa — established in the wake of the First Crusade.
The First Crusade captured Jerusalem in 1099 after a brutal three-year campaign, and the knights who stayed carved out four Latin states along the Levantine coast: the Kingdom of Jerusalem, and the counties and principality of Edessa, Antioch, and Tripoli. These "Crusader states" depended on Italian maritime republics like Genoa and Venice for supply and reinforcement, and on military orders such as the Templars and Hospitallers for defense against surrounding Muslim powers. Edessa fell as early as 1144, triggering the Second Crusade, and the last mainland stronghold, Acre, was lost in 1291 — read more in our article on the fall of Acre in 1291.
CC BY-SA 4.0 — source (Wikimedia Commons). Free to reuse under the stated licence.
